المراجع

مقدمة

  • W. Weaver, ‘The Mathematics of Communication’, Scientific American, 1949, 181(1), 11–15.
  • C. E. Shannon, Collected Papers, edited by N. J. A. Sloane and A. D. Wyner (New York: IEEE Press, 1993).
  • C. E. Shannon and W. Weaver, The Mathematical Theory of Communication (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1949; reprinted 1998).

الفصل الأول

  • L. Floridi, ‘A Look into the Future Impact of ICT on Our Lives’, The Information Society, 2007, 23(1), 59–64.
  • S. Freud, ‘A Difficulty in the Path of Psycho-Analysis’, The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, XVII (London: Hogarth Press, 1917-19), 135–44.

الفصل الثاني

  • J. Barwise and J. Seligman, Information Flow: The Logic of Distributed Systems (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
  • G. Bateson, Steps to an Ecology of Mind (Frogmore, St Albans: Paladin, 1973).
  • T. M. Cover and J. A. Thomas, Elements of Information Theory (New York; Chichester: Wiley, 1991).
  • F. I. Dretske, Knowledge and the Flow of Information (Oxford: Blackwell, 1981).
  • D. S. Jones, Elementary Information Theory (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979).
  • D. M. MacKay, Information, Mechanism and Meaning (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1969).
  • J. R. Pierce, An Introduction to Information Theory: Symbols, Signals and Noise, 2nd edn (New York: Dover Publications, 1980).
  • A. M. Turing, ‘Computing Machinery and Intelligence’, Minds and Machines, 1950, 59, 433–60.

الفصل الثالث

  • C. Cherry, On Human Communication: A Review, a Survey, and a Criticism, 3rd edn (Cambridge, MA; London: MIT Press, 1978).
  • A. Golan, ‘Information and Entropy Econometrics—Editor’s View’, Journal of Econometrics, 2002, 107(1-2), 1–15.
  • P. C. Mabon, Mission Communications: The Story of Bell Laboratories (Murray Hill, NJ: Bell Telephone Laboratories, 1975).
  • C. E. Shannon and W. Weaver, The Mathematical Theory of Communication (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1949; reprinted 1998).

الفصل الرابع

  • F. I. Dretske, Knowledge and the Flow of Information (Oxford: Blackwell, 1981).
  • J. Barwise and J. Seligman, Information Flow: The Logic of Distributed Systems (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
  • Y. Bar-Hillel, Language and Information: Selected Essays on Their Theory and Application (Reading, MA; London: Addison-Wesley, 1964).
  • M. D’Agostino and L. Floridi, ‘The Enduring Scandal of Deduction: Is Propositional Logic Really Uninformative?’, Synthese, 2009, 167(2), 271–315.
  • L. Floridi, ‘Outline of a Theory of Strongly Semantic Information’, Minds and Machines, 2004, 14(2), 197–222.
  • J. Hintikka, Logic, Language-Games and Information: Kantian Themes in the Philosophy of Logic (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1973).
  • K. R. Popper, Logik Der Forschung: Zur Erkenntnistheorie Der Modernen Naturwissenschaft (Wien: J. Springer, 1935).

الفصل الخامس

  • P. Ball, ‘Universe Is a Computer’, Nature News, 3 June 2002.
  • C. H. Bennett, ‘Logical Reversibility of Computation’, IBM Journal of Research and Development, 1973, 17(6), 525–32.
  • R. Landauer, ‘Irreversibility and Heat Generation in the Computing Process’, IBM Journal of Research and Development, 1961, 5(3), 183–91.
  • S. Lloyd, ‘Computational Capacity of the Universe’, Physical Review Letters, 2002, 88(23), 237901–4.
  • J. C. Maxwell, Theory of Heat (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1871).
  • J. A. Wheeler, ‘Information, Physics, Quantum: The Search for Links’, in Complexity, Entropy, and the Physics of Information, edited by W. H. Zureck (Redwood City, CA: Addison Wesley, 1990).
  • N. Wiener, Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, 2nd edn (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1961).

الفصل السادس

  • E. Schrödinger, What Is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1944).

الفصل السابع

  • M. D. Davis and O. Morgenstern, Game Theory: A Nontechnical Introduction (London: Dover Publications, 1997).
  • J. Nash, ‘Non-Cooperative Games’, Annals of Mathematics, Second Series, 1951, 54(2), 286–95.

الفصل الثامن

  • A. Einstein, Ideas and Opinions (New York: Crown Publishers, 1954).
  • A. Naess, ‘The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement’, Inquiry, 1973, 16, 95–100.
  • J. Rawls, A Theory of Justice, revised edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999).
  • L. J. White, ‘The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis’, Science, 1967, 155, 1203–7.
  • N. Wiener, The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society, revised edn (Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1954).

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